William II Rufus Normandy King Of England

Other Events and Attributes:

• Category: English Royalty - Norman Line

Notes:

Acceded 1087-1100.

William II (known as William Rufus)
Strong, outspoken and ruddy (hence his nickname 'Rufus'), William II (reigned 1087-1100) extended his father's policies, taking royal power to the far north of England. Ruthless in his relations with his brother Robert, William extended his grip on the duchy of Normandy under an agreement between the brothers in 1091. (Robert went on crusade in 1096.) William's relations with the Church were not easy; he took over Archbishop Lanfranc's revenues after the latter's death in 1089, kept other bishoprics vacant to make use of their revenues, and had numerous arguments with Lanfranc's popular successor Anselm. William died on 2 August 1100, after being shot by an arrow whilst hunting in the New Forest.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Category: English Royalty - Norman Line
• Fact 1: Interred: St Stephen Abbey, Caen, Normandy.; Fact 1
• Fact 10: Called "William The Bastard" Of Robert, The Duke Of Normandy.; Fact 10
• Fact 11: Invaded Anjou (1047), Brittany, Maine.; Fact 11
• Fact 12: Defied Papacy By Marrying Matilda Of Flanders Against Papal Wishes.; Fact 12
• Fact 2: Reigned As King Of England 1066-1087.; Fact 2
• Fact 3: 7th Duke Of Normandy 1035-1087.; Fact 3
• Fact 4: Defeated & Killed His Rival Harold At The Battle Of Hastings And Became King.; Fact 4
• Fact 5: Norman Conquest Of England Completed By 1072.; Fact 5
• Fact 6: Established Feudalism: Granted Land For Pledges Of Service & Loyalty.; Fact 6
• Fact 7: Noted For His Efficient If Harsh Rule.; Fact 7
• Fact 8: Relied Upon Norman And Foreign Personnel Esp. Lanfranc Archbishop Of Canterbury.; Fact 8
• Fact 9: In 1085 He Started The Domesday Book.; Fact 9
• Name: William II The Bastard Duke Of Normandy
• Acceded: 1066, Westminster Abbey, London, En

Notes:

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Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feudalism under which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnel especially Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1085 started the Domesday Book.

NOTES: William of the House of Normandy; The first Norman King; On 28 Sep 1066 William secured the sanction of Pope Alexander II for a Norman invasion of England. By 1070 the Norman conquest of England was complete. William introduced the Continental system of feudalism; by the Oath of Salisbury of 1086 all landlords swore allegiance to William, thus establishing the precedent that a vassal's loyalty to the king overrode his fealty to his immediate lord. During a campaign against King Philip I of France, William fell from a horse and was fatally injured. William was the illegitimate son of Robert I, duke of Normandy and Arletta, a tanner's daughter. He is sometimes called "William the Bastard".

REF: "Falls the Shadow" Sharon Kay Penman: William requested a large number of Jews to move to England after his conquest. They spoke Norman & did well under his reign.

REF: British Monarchy Official Website: The victory of William I, 'the Conqueror' (reigned 1066-1087) at Hastings and his subsequent coronation in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066 did not give him complete control of England. Remaining resistance was, however, severely crushed and castles were built to control the country (including a fortress on the site of Windsor Castle, and the White Tower at the Tower of London). The lands of defeated Saxon nobles were given to William's followers in return for military service by a certain number of knights, so that the tenants' foremost obligation was allegiance to the king. This firmly established the feudal system. In 1086, William commissioned the Domesday Book, to record land holdings for the
assessment of taxes and other dues. William spent long periods in Normandy to maintain his authority there, dealing with rebellions and French invasions.
William died in 1087 leaving Normandy to his eldest son, Robert, and England to his second son, William II Rufus (reigned 1087-1100).

REF: "Royal Descents of Famous People" Mark Humphreys: Steve Jones' book "In the Blood: God, Genes, & Destiny" 1996, estimates that 25% of the population of Britain is descended from William the Conqueror. Consider you need two parents, four grandparents, etc. Assuming an average of abt 25 years per generation, you only need go back to 1200, quite within historical times, to need more separate ancestors than the population of the world. Therefor we all must descend from cousin marriages, many times over, even within the last few hundred years. Davenport claimed "no people of English descent are more distantly related than 30th cousins".

Acceded Oct 1066-1087.

William I
The victory of William I, 'the Conqueror' (1066-1087), Duke of Normandy, at Hastings and his subsequent coronation in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066 did not give him complete control of England. Remaining resistance was, however, severely crushed and castles built to control the country (including a fortress at Windsor, and the White Tower at the Tower of London). The lands of defeated Saxon nobles were given to William's followers in return for military service by a certain number of knights, so that the tenants' foremost obligation was allegiance to the King. This firmly established the feudal system. In 1086, William commissioned the Domesday Book, to record land holdings for the assessment of taxes and other dues. William spent long periods in Normandy to maintain his authority there, dealing with rebellions and French invasions. William died in 1087 in Normandy, leaving his duchy to his eldest son, Robert, and England to his next surviving son, William Rufus.

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Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feudalism under which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnel especially Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1085 started the Domesday Book.

NOTES: William of the House of Normandy; The first Norman King; On 28 Sep 1066 William secured the sanction of Pope Alexander II for a Norman invasion of England. By 1070 the Norman conquest of England was complete. William introduced the Continental system of feudalism; by the Oath of Salisbury of 1086 all landlords swore allegiance to William, thus establishing the precedent that a vassal's loyalty to the king overrode his fealty to his immediate lord. During a campaign against King Philip I of France, William fell from a horse and was fatally injured. William was the illegitimate son of Robert I, duke of Normandy and Arletta, a tanner's daughter. He is sometimes called "William the Bastard".

REF: "Falls the Shadow" Sharon Kay Penman: William requested a large number of Jews to move to England after his conquest. They spoke Norman & did well under his reign.

REF: British Monarchy Official Website: The victory of William I, 'the Conqueror' (reigned 1066-1087) at Hastings and his subsequent coronation in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066 did not give him complete control of England. Remaining resistance was, however, severely crushed and castles were built to control the country (including a fortress on the site of Windsor Castle, and the White Tower at the Tower of London). The lands of defeated Saxon nobles were given to William's followers in return for military service by a certain number of knights, so that the tenants' foremost obligation was allegiance to the king. This firmly established the feudal system. In 1086, William commissioned the Domesday Book, to record land holdings for the
assessment of taxes and other dues. William spent long periods in Normandy to maintain his authority there, dealing with rebellions and French invasions.
William died in 1087 leaving Normandy to his eldest son, Robert, and England to his second son, William II Rufus (reigned 1087-1100).

REF: "Royal Descents of Famous People" Mark Humphreys: Steve Jones' book "In the Blood: God, Genes, & Destiny" 1996, estimates that 25% of the population of Britain is descended from William the Conqueror. Consider you need two parents, four grandparents, etc. Assuming an average of abt 25 years per generation, you only need go back to 1200, quite within historical times, to need more separate ancestors than the population of the world. Therefor we all must descend from cousin marriages, many times over, even within the last few hundred years. Davenport claimed "no people of English descent are more distantly related than 30th cousins".

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Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feudalism under which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnel especially Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1085 started the Domesday Book.

NOTES: William of the House of Normandy; The first Norman King; On 28 Sep 1066 William secured the sanction of Pope Alexander II for a Norman invasion of England. By 1070 the Norman conquest of England was complete. William introduced the Continental system of feudalism; by the Oath of Salisbury of 1086 all landlords swore allegiance to William, thus establishing the precedent that a vassal's loyalty to the king overrode his fealty to his immediate lord. During a campaign against King Philip I of France, William fell from a horse and was fatally injured. William was the illegitimate son of Robert I, duke of Normandy and Arletta, a tanner's daughter. He is sometimes called "William the Bastard".

REF: "Falls the Shadow" Sharon Kay Penman: William requested a large number of Jews to move to England after his conquest. They spoke Norman & did well under his reign.

REF: British Monarchy Official Website: The victory of William I, 'the Conqueror' (reigned 1066-1087) at Hastings and his subsequent coronation in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066 did not give him complete control of England. Remaining resistance was, however, severely crushed and castles were built to control the country (including a fortress on the site of Windsor Castle, and the White Tower at the Tower of London). The lands of defeated Saxon nobles were given to William's followers in return for military service by a certain number of knights, so that the tenants' foremost obligation was allegiance to the king. This firmly established the feudal system. In 1086, William commissioned the Domesday Book, to record land holdings for the
assessment of taxes and other dues. William spent long periods in Normandy to maintain his authority there, dealing with rebellions and French invasions.
William died in 1087 leaving Normandy to his eldest son, Robert, and England to his second son, William II Rufus (reigned 1087-1100).

REF: "Royal Descents of Famous People" Mark Humphreys: Steve Jones' book "In the Blood: God, Genes, & Destiny" 1996, estimates that 25% of the population of Britain is descended from William the Conqueror. Consider you need two parents, four grandparents, etc. Assuming an average of abt 25 years per generation, you only need go back to 1200, quite within historical times, to need more separate ancestors than the population of the world. Therefor we all must descend from cousin marriages, many times over, even within the last few hundred years. Davenport claimed "no people of English descent are more distantly related than 30th cousins".

[large-G675.FTW]

Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feudalism under which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnel especially Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1085 started the Domesday Book.

NOTES: William of the House of Normandy; The first Norman King; On 28 Sep 1066 William secured the sanction of Pope Alexander II for a Norman invasion of England. By 1070 the Norman conquest of England was complete. William introduced the Continental system of feudalism; by the Oath of Salisbury of 1086 all landlords swore allegiance to William, thus establishing the precedent that a vassal's loyalty to the king overrode his fealty to his immediate lord. During a campaign against King Philip I of France, William fell from a horse and was fatally injured. William was the illegitimate son of Robert I, duke of Normandy and Arletta, a tanner's daughter. He is sometimes called "William the Bastard".

REF: "Falls the Shadow" Sharon Kay Penman: William requested a large number of Jews to move to England after his conquest. They spoke Norman & did well under his reign.

REF: British Monarchy Official Website: The victory of William I, 'the Conqueror' (reigned 1066-1087) at Hastings and his subsequent coronation in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066 did not give him complete control of England. Remaining resistance was, however, severely crushed and castles were built to control the country (including a fortress on the site of Windsor Castle, and the White Tower at the Tower of London). The lands of defeated Saxon nobles were given to William's followers in return for military service by a certain number of knights, so that the tenants' foremost obligation was allegiance to the king. This firmly established the feudal system. In 1086, William commissioned the Domesday Book, to record land holdings for the
assessment of taxes and other dues. William spent long periods in Normandy to maintain his authority there, dealing with rebellions and French invasions.
William died in 1087 leaving Normandy to his eldest son, Robert, and England to his second son, William II Rufus (reigned 1087-1100).

REF: "Royal Descents of Famous People" Mark Humphreys: Steve Jones' book "In the Blood: God, Genes, & Destiny" 1996, estimates that 25% of the population of Britain is descended from William the Conqueror. Consider you need two parents, four grandparents, etc. Assuming an average of abt 25 years per generation, you only need go back to 1200, quite within historical times, to need more separate ancestors than the population of the world. Therefor we all must descend from cousin marriages, many times over, even within the last few hundred years. Davenport claimed "no people of English descent are more distantly related than 30th cousins".

Died:
Fatal fall frpm a horse.

William married Matilda (Maud) De Flanders in 1053 in Eu, France. Matilda (daughter of Baudouin V The Pious Ct De Flanders and Adela (Alix) Capet De France Cts De Contenance) was born in 1031 in Flanders, France; died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Calvados, France; was buried in Caen, Normandy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact 1: Interred: Holy Trinity Abbey, Caen, Normandy, France.; Fact 1
• Fact 2: Served As William's Regent In Normandy During & After The Invasion Of England.; Fact 2
• Alt. Birth: 1031, Flanders, Normandy, France; Alt. Birth

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact 1: 6th Duke Of Normandy. Acceded: 1027.; Fact 1
• Fact 2: Some Sources Call Him Robert I The Magnificent.; Fact 2
• Fact 3: Contributed To The Restoration Of Henry King Of France To His Throne.; Fact 3
• Fact 4: As A Result, That Monarch Gave Him The Vexin Added To His Patrimonial Domains.; Fact 4
• Fact 5: In The 8Th Year Of His Reign, Made A Pilgrimage To The Holy Land.; Fact 5
• Fact 6: Or Heat Of The Climate Caused Him To Die Coming Back.; Fatigue Of The Trip And
• Alt. Birth: 999, Normandy, France; Alt. Birth
• Acceded: 1027

Notes:

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Robert contributed to the restoration of Henry King of France to his throne,
and received from the gratitude of that monarch, the Vexin, as an additional
to his patrimonial domains. In the 8th year of his reign, curiosity or devotn
induced him to undertake a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, where the fatiges of
the journey and the heat of the climate so impaired his consitution he died
on his way home.
Some sources call him Robert I the Magnificent!
Duke of Normandy[large-G675.FTW]

Robert contributed to the restoration of Henry King of France to his throne,
and received from the gratitude of that monarch, the Vexin, as an additional
to his patrimonial domains. In the 8th year of his reign, curiosity or devotn
induced him to undertake a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, where the fatiges of
the journey and the heat of the climate so impaired his consitution he died
on his way home.
Some sources call him Robert I the Magnificent!
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Robert contributed to the restoration of Henry King of France to his throne,
and received from the gratitude of that monarch, the Vexin, as an additional
to his patrimonial domains. In the 8th year of his reign, curiosity or devotn
induced him to undertake a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, where the fatiges of
the journey and the heat of the climate so impaired his consitution he died
on his way home.
Some sources call him Robert I the Magnificent!

Robert married Herleva (Arlette) De Falaise. Herleva (daughter of Fulbert The Tanner De Falaise and Duxia De Falaise) was born in 1003 in Falaise, Normandy; died about 1050. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact 1: Either A Tanner's Daughter Near Norman Capital Of Falaise, OR; Fact 1
• Fact 2: A Household Official.; Fact 2
• Alt. Birth: 1003; Alt. Birth
• Alt. Birth: 1003, France; Alt. Birth

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact 1: Acceded: 1035.; Fact 1
• Fact 2: Took Valenciennes And The Isles Of Zealand, And Citadel Of Ghent.; Fact 2
• Acceded: 1035, Flanders, Normandy, Fr

Notes:

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Entered into hostilities with Emporer Otho II and aquired from that monarch
Valenciennes and the Isles of Zealand. He subseqently further increased his
territories by another rich accession, that of the citadel of Ghent.

ES II:5 gives only one wife to Baldwin namely Adelaide of France widow of
Richard III of Normandy.

Baudouin married Adela (Alix) Capet De France Cts De Contenance in 1028. Adela (daughter of Robert II Capet The Pious King Of France and Constance De Arles) was born in 1009 in France; died between 8 Jan 1078 and 1079 in Monastere DE L'ordre DE St. Benoist, Messines, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

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Which spouse of Robert was her mother is not clear
Some sources show her as the daughter of Robert I of France.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact 1: Acceded: 30 Nov 996. 4Th Duke Of Normandy.; Fact 1

Richard married Judith De BrittanyNormandy, France. Judith (daughter of I Conan I The Crooked Duc De Brittany and Ermengard-Gerberge De Anjou) was born in 982 in Brittany, France; died on 16 Jun 1017 in Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact 1: French Version Of Her Name Is Judith DE Bretagne.; Fact 1
• Fact 2: Founded Abbey Of Bernay, Normandy, CA 1026.; Fact 2
• Alt. Birth: 982; Alt. Birth
• Alt. Death: 1017, Normandy, France; Alt. Death

Notes:

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Judith of Brittany (dau. of Duke Conan I) m. Richard II, Duke of Normandy. Per Weis' "Ancestral Roots. . ." (166:22).

According to ES II:79 Richard II did marry as his first wife Judith of Rennes. Their son and heir was Richard III who married Adelaide countess of Contenance dau. of king Robert II of France. Judith is given as sole issue of that marriage, and went on to marry Tostig then Welf.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact 1: Occupation: Tanner & Ferrier.; Fact 1

Fulbert married Duxia De Falaise. Duxia was born in 980 in Of Falaise, France; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact 1: Acceded: 988.; Fact 1
• Fact 2: Count Of Valenciennes.; Fact 2
• Name: Fair Beard
• Alt. Birth: 969, Flanders, Normandy, France; Alt. Birth
• Alt. Death: 1035, Flanders, Normandy, France; Alt. Death

Baudouin married Ogive De Luxemburg in 1012. Ogive (daughter of Friederich De Luxemburg Ct De Luxemburg and Ermentrude Von Gleiburg) was born in 986 in Luxemburg; died between 21 Feb 1029 and 1030 in Of Flanders, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alt. Death: Between 21 Feb 1029 and 1030, Flanders, Normandy, France; Alt. Death

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact 1: Acceded: 996.; Fact 1
• Fact 2: Interred At St. Denis.; Fact 2
• Alt. Birth: 27 Mar 972, OrlÈans, France; Alt. Birth
• Alt. Death: 20 Jul 1031, Meulan, Aquitaine; Alt. Death

Notes:

Acceded France 987-

Robert married Constance De Arles in 1005. Constance (daughter of William Taillefer and Arsinde (Blanka) De Anjou) was born in 974 in Toulouse, France; died on 25 Jul 1032 in Melun, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact 1: Aka Constance DE Toulouse.; Fact 1
• Name: Constance De Toulouse